Belgium

BELGIUM

Belgium flag

Belgium tourist attractionsTOURIST ATTRACTIONS

Discover for yourself this country of friendly and welcoming people, stunning architecture and famous cuisine found in the vast choice of restaurants. Due to Belgium's small size, within a couple of days you can take a romantic cruise down a canal in Bruges, hunt for jewelry in Antwerp, enjoy suntanning on the beach in Oostende, have fun in a festival in Binche, explore a castle in Namur, go shopping for antiques at an outdoor market in Liege, and visit an art museum in Brussels.
There are two main regions in Belgium: Flanders and Wallonia. Flanders is a northern flatland, a Dutch-speaking region with Antwerp, Bruges and Ghent as major cities. The cities of Liege, Namur, and Tournai are situated in the rolling hills of Wallonia in the south of Belgium. This French-speaking region with numerous medieval castles also includes a small German speaking region in the east near the German border.
Brussels, the capital city of Belgium is situated within Flanders. It has mostly bilingual (Dutch/ French) population. Besides nice restaurants and cosy cafes, famous designer shops and aristocratic feel, there are other attractions which make Brussels special. Brussels' Grand Palace in the very center of the city, named by UNESCO as a World Heritage site, is a marvelous piece of baroque and gothic architecture of the 13th century. Enjoy various outdoor concerts and festivals taking place by the Grand Palace. 300 feet high Town Hall (Hotel de Ville) with a statue of St. Michael on top is the centerpiece of the Grand Palace.
The 150-years old Royal Galleries is an arcade of restaurants, luxury boutiques and theaters, all under a glass roof. If you like music, you would definitely enjoy visiting the Museum of Musical Instruments with an impressive collection of over 6,000 musical instruments. See over 300 0f the famous European monuments in miniature (Eiffel tower, Houses of Parliament, Acropolis, Brandenburg Gate, etc.) in Mini Europe. The official home of the Belgian king - the Royal Palace open for public in summer. Explore the Royal Greenhouses of Brussels built in the 19th century by a Belgium King, which contain one of the world's largest collection of flowers and shrubs. The Cathedral of Saints Michel and Gudule is another beautiful example of the medieval gothic architecture. In the middle of Cinquantenaire Park there is The Royal Museum of Art and History, the Royal Army and Military History Museum and Autoworld.
Antwerp, which is called Antwerpen by Dutch people, is the second largest city in Belgium. Antwerp has the highest cathedral in the country (over 120 m/ 400 ft high!). Narrow streets of the magnificent Old City of Antwerpen are very popular among tourists. Shop for fine jewelry in numerous stores by the Railway Station in the city which is considered the world's diamond center. Do not forget to visit the fashion area of Antwerp full of boutiques near the Meir shopping street.
Liege, which is the largest city of Wallonia is surrounded by many famous Belgian resports and spas.
Bruges (also known as Brugge) used to be one of the largest European cities in medieval times, has a very large Old City with historical buildings, authentic hotels, small and cosy cafes. It is one of Belgium's most popular tourist destinations.
Gent (also known as Gent), within a day trip from Antwerp, is a small rural town with many museums including a classic medieval castle of the 12-th century, turned into a museum of Middle Ages. Canal cruises are very popular among visitors to Gent. In July visit 10-day long Gentse Feesten street festival takes place in the historical center of the city of Ghent. The biggest street festival in Europe, with live outdoor theater, music and parties.
Oostende (also known as Ostend), within a day trip from Bruges used to be a small village, now turned into a world-class beach resort.
The Menin Gate (Meensestraat), near Ieper- a city of western Belgium near the French border south of Oostende, is one of sad reminders of Ieper's war history. The huge white gate is inscribed with the names of over 50,000 British and Commonwealth troops whose lives were lost in the Flanders trenches during World War I and who have no graves.
Thise who love nature will enjoy visiting Hautes Fagnes Nature Reserve, or High Fens, a plateau of swamps and woods popular with hikers and bicyclists.
Visit the small Belgian town of Binche (55 km south of Brussels) in February for Carnival de Binche. This colorful event is on the UNESCO Heritage list, and it is not to be missed. Fancy dress groups and various processions, parades, street carnivals and fireworks. 800 men and boys of the town throng Binche's Grand Place and toss oranges to the spectators.

Belgium travel tipsTRAVEL TIPS

When To Go
May through September is high tourist season in Belgium with less humid, warmer weather. All tourist attractions are packed full with people, and travel accommodations are high-priced and scarce at this time of year.
Low season winter and early fall are dump and cloudy. Freezing temperatures and occasional wet snow scare tourists away, and take hotel prices down.
Getting Around
Belgium is a very small European country, so you can get anywhere in a couple of hours. Public transport is affordable, fast and convenient to use. Between larger cities, there are frequent train connections, with buses covering smaller distances. Belgium has numerous toll-free modern motorways which allows efficient use of vehicles for travel between cities. Parking is sometimes hard-to-find in large cities and it is expensive.
Bicycles can be rented in many places, there is a lot of infrastructure for bicyclists in Belgium, especially in Flanders.
Personal Safety and Security
Except for certain neighbourhoods in central Brussels and the outer edge of Antwerp (the port and docks), Belgium is a safe country. Belgians are generally helpful towards strangers in general.
Take normal, common sense precautions to avoid becoming a victim of crime. Take only the minimum amount of cash, credit cards and personal ID necessary when you go out. Leave valuables and documents in a secure place. Avoid carrying money, credit cards and your passport in the same bag or pocket.
In the event of theft, contact the nearest police station and obtain a police report. This report is mandatory when applying for a replacement passport or insurance claim.
You should be extra vigilant at major railway stations, on the underground, buses and trams, particularly late at night.
Never leave luggage unattended. There have been reports of luggage being stolen from the racks at the end of carriages in high-speed trains, usually just before the doors close in readiness for the train to depart.
Do not leave valuables such as purses, bags or mobile phones visible in your car, even when you are in it. Keep car doors locked and windows secure at all times. It is increasingly common for thieves, usually on motorbikes, to break a window and snatch valuables from the front or back passenger seat when the vehicle is stationary at traffic lights.
Driving Tips
If you wish to drive in Belgium you must have a valid international driving licence, insurance and vehicle documents. If you are driving a vehicle that does not belong to you then written permission from the registered owner may also be requested.
Belgian roads are generally in good condition and at night are well lit, including the motorway network. Traffic is fast and Belgium’s accident rate is high mainly due to speeding. Traffic signs are always in the local language only (either Dutch or French), except in Brussels, where they're bilingual.
Since 1 February 2007 the following road regulations were brought into place:
If it is raining, hailing or snowing, vehicles of 7.5 tonnes or over are not allowed to overtake on motorways, highways or roads with a minimum of four lanes.
Vehicles of 3.5 tonnes or over are not allowed to use the left lane on roads with more than three lanes. An exception is made when traffic approaches a fork in the motorway and vehicles have to move to the left or right hand lanes depending on their destination.
The maximum speed for vehicles of 3.5 tonnes or over is now 90km/hr on motorways and highways of 2 x 2 lanes or more.
If your vehicle breaks down and you are on the hard shoulder of the motorway, you must now wear a fluorescent jacket.
Drivers must give absolute priority to vehicles joining a road from the right, even if they have stopped at a road junction or stopped for pedestrians or cyclists. Exemptions to this rule include motorways, roundabouts, roads sign-posted with an orange diamond within a white background, and drivers who are attempting to join a road after having driven down a street in the wrong direction.
Trams and buses have priority over other traffic. If a tram or bus stops in the middle of the road to allow passengers on or off, you must stop.
There is a speed restriction of 30 kms/hr in school areas, which is valid 24 hours (even when schools are closed). The start and finish of these zones are not always clearly marked.
Do not drink and drive, frequent alcohol checks are made, in daytime as well as at night. A maximum of 0.22 mg/l (0.5 promille) is allowed. A blood sample will be taken if you refuse to be breathalysed. Fines vary depending on the degree of intoxication. In certain cases driving licences have been confiscated immediately.
Using a mobile 'phone while driving (excepting hands-free ones) is not allowed and will incur a heavy fine.
Local Laws and Customs
You should carry your valid passport at all times, as Belgian law requires everyone to carry some form of identification. Possession of drugs and trafficking in drugs are serious offences.
Visas and Registration
Citizens of most European countries, as well as US and Canada citizens do not require visas to enter Belgium. If you intend to work or remain in Belgium for more than three months you must apply to the local communal authorities for a residence permit. Your passport should be valid for at least six months.
Check the list of Embassies of Belgium to the World or Embassies of Other Nations to Belgium for more details.
Health
The standard of health care in Belgium is high. Medical services are very costly. Therefore, we strongly recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling to Belgium.
Emergency numbers are 101 (for the police), 100 (for medical services), and 112 (from a mobile phone).
What To Buy
Famous Belgian chocolate, textiles in Bruges, designer fashion clothes as well as jewelry in Antwerp.
Electricity
Electricity is supplied at 220 to 230V 50Hz.

Belgium historyBRIEF HISTORY

Belgium became independent from the Netherlands in 1830. It was occupied by Germany during World Wars I and II and has many war graves near the battle zones, most of them are around Ieper. It has prospered in the past half century as a modern, technologically advanced European state and member of NATO and the EU. Tensions between the Dutch-speaking Flemings of the north and the French-speaking Walloons of the south have led in recent years to constitutional amendments granting these regions formal recognition and autonomy.

Belgium geographyGEOGRAPHY

Area: total: 30,528 sq km; land: 30,278 sq km, water: 250 sq km.
Climate: temperate; mild winters, cool summers; rainy, humid, cloudy.
Terrain: flat coastal plains in northwest, central rolling hills, rugged mountains of Ardennes Forest in southeast.
Natural Resources: construction materials, silica sand, carbonates.
Environmental Problems: urbanization, dense transportation network, industry, extensive animal breeding and crop cultivation; air and water pollution also have repercussions for neighboring countries.

Belgium populationPEOPLE

Population: 10,000,000.
Major Ethnic Groups: Fleming 58%, Walloon 31%, mixed or other 11%.
Religions: Roman Catholic 75%, other (includes Protestant) 25%.
Languages: Dutch (official) 60%, French (official) 40%, German (official) less than 1%, legally bilingual (Dutch and French)

Belgium governmentGOVERNMENT

Type: federal parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy (Kingdom of Belgium).
Capital City: Brussels.
Time Difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time). Daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October. Check current time.
National Holiday: 21 July (1831) ascension to the Throne of King Leopold I.

Belgium economyECONOMY

Modern, private-enterprise economy of Belgium has capitalized on its central geographic location, highly developed transport network, and diversified industrial and commercial base. Industry is concentrated mainly in the populous Flemish area in the north. With few natural resources, Belgium must import substantial quantities of raw materials and export a large volume of manufactures, making its economy unusually dependent on the state of world markets. Roughly three-quarters of its trade is with other EU countries.
Unemployment Rate: 8.1%.
Agriculture Products: sugar beets, fresh vegetables, fruits, grain, tobacco; beef, veal, pork, milk.
Major Industries: engineering and metal products, motor vehicle assembly, transportation equipment, scientific instruments, processed food and beverages, chemicals, basic metals, textiles, glass, petroleum.
Export Commodities: machinery and equipment, chemicals, diamonds, metals and metal products, food products.
Export Partners: Germany 19.9%, France 17%, Netherlands 12%, UK 7.9%, US 6.1%, Italy 5.2%.
Import Commodities: machinery and equipment, chemicals, diamonds, pharmaceuticals, foodstuffs, transportation equipment, oil products.
Import Partners: Netherlands 18.4%, Germany 17.5%, France 11.3%, UK 6.6%, Ireland 5.9%, US 5.3%.
Currency: euro (EUR). Check current rate of exchange.

Belgium mapGo to the region's mapRegion's map
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